In 2024, India emerged as a dominant force across key sectors, including pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, defence, nuclear energy, space, infrastructure, and emerging technologies like quantum computing, AI, and blockchain.

India’s pharmaceutical exports grew from USD 15 billion to USD 28 billion in 10 years, supported by initiatives like the PLI and Bulk Drug Parks.

The biotechnology sector expanded 13-fold from USD 10 billion in 2014 to USD 130 billion in 2024, with a target of USD 300 billion by 2030.

Key breakthroughs in 2024 included India’s first indigenous antibiotic, Nafithromycin, and NexCAR19, the country’s first home-grown CAR-T cell therapy.

India resumed Penicillin G production after 30 years and joined the Biopharmaceutical Alliance with global partners to tackle drug supply issues.

Defence reforms led to a record Rs 1.27 lakh crore in indigenous production, with significant advancements like the Agni-5 missile and Ballistic Missile Defence System.

India’s nuclear capacity doubled from 4,780 MW in 2014 to 8,180 MW in 2024, with plans to reach 22,480 MW by 2032.

The space sector saw major milestones, including missions to Venus and Chandrayaan-4, private sector breakthroughs, and the foundation of a second spaceport.

India’s advancements in emerging technologies included the National Quantum Mission, the BharatGen AI project, and Vishvasya, a national blockchain platform.

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